Vineyard & Winery Management

January - February 2012

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VINEYARD damage was not observed. Walker noted some phylloxera damage to Freedom, a rootstock chosen for its nematode resistance and widely used in California's Central Valley region. Other issues: Riparia Gloire has poor tolerance of both wet and dry soils, but is often selected for high-quality production. Because of incompatibility issues, 3309C is a poor choice for field scion selec- tions of unknown viral status. Due to its high vigor, St. George may result in poor fruit set in shatter- prone varieties such as merlot. Schwarzmann is rarely used, but is a good choice for sites with ext reme nematode pressure. Because of inherent magnesium deficiency, 44-53M is often the only choice in soils with high concentra- tions of this element (serpentine). FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS As part of the National Clean Plant Network, funded by the 2008 Farm Bill, centers of excellence have been established across the country, charged with supplying pathogen and pest-tested plant Contact material. As a result, in 2009, the Grape Clean Plant Network estab- lished rigorous new standards for grapevine foundation material in the United States. Materials meet- ing these standards will be known as Protocol 2010 and must have been propagated from a meriste- matic dome (the apex of a shoot tip) no greater than 0.5 mm in size and must also test negative for an extensive list of pathogens (including Agrobacterium vitis, the causative agent of crown gall). A limited selection of these materi- als is already under propagation at some commercial nurseries and should be available in plant products by 2014. THE BOTTOM LINE If, like the vast majority of those who purchase grapevines, you were unable to undertake field evaluation of the vines that were just dropped off at your ranch, you still have 48 hours to examine and reject plants. Although nurseries don't advertise this fact, they are well aware of this provision in their contract and usu- ally abide by your decision, as the final bill has still to be paid. COMMERCIAL DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORIES Company Website Agri-Analysis ALL Crop Solutions CA Seed & Plant Lab Alan Wei, Ph.D. agri-analysis.com calspl.com E-mail Remember, the worst-case sce- nario is the requirement to dig out vines at the beginning of the sec- ond year after participating in end- less discussions about the causes of vine failure in the first season. It's far better to plant only 50% of the order as good vines than to remove the whole lot within the first 12 months. As should be obvious from this discussion, however, this sce- nario should and can be avoided if you realize that plant material qual- ity is the key to successful vineyard development. Dr. James A. Stamp is a Sebasto- pol, Calif.-based scientist specializ- ing in critical evaluation of vineyard performance issues and grapevine nursery plant material quality and propagation. He has more than 25 years of experience in West Coast viticulture and established Stamp Associates after founding Novavine grapevine nursery, working in the plant biotech industry and complet- ing a post-doctoral scholarship at UC Davis. Comments? Please e-mail us at feedback@vwm-online.com. Services* apwei@agri-analysis.com V, F, B, DNA Anna-Liisa Fabritius, Ph.D. allcropsolutions.com info@allcropsolutions.com V, F, B Parm Randhawa, Ph.D. randhawa@calspl.com Eurofins STA Laboratories Judit Monis, Ph.D. FPS, UC Davis Vicki Klaassen, Ph.D. eurofinsus.com/stalabs juditmonis@eurofinsus.com V, F, B fps.ucdavis.edu *Services. V: viral, VE: virus eradication, F: Fungal, B: bacterial, DNA: varietal identification V, VE, F, B, DNA vaklaassen@ucdavis.edu V, VE, F, B, DNA 66 VINEYARD & WINERY MANAGEMENT JAN - FEB 2012 WWW.VWM-ONLINE.COM

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