Issue link: http://read.dmtmag.com/i/620640
3 6 V I N E YA R D & W I N E RY M A N A G E M E N T | J a n - F e b 2 016 w w w. v w m m e d i a . c o m However, when you cut into the wood, you see the black streaking – the vines have young vine decline." ESCA SYMPTOMS Aside from young esca and its associated young vine decline, esca symptoms first tend to become apparent in vineyards that are five to seven or more years old, even though the infections actually occur in younger vines. The foliar symp- toms of esca may occur at any time during the growing season, but are most prevalent during the sum- mer. The symptoms become obvi- ous on an individual shoot or on shoots originating from the same spur or cane. The characteristic leaf symptoms begin as interveinal chlorosis and progress to necrosis. In extreme cases, symptomatic leaves become completely necrotic and drop prematurely. On berries, small, round, dark spots, each bordered by a faint ring, may occur. These fruit spots, which are more visible before veraison in red grapes or on white grapes, may appear any time after fruit set dur- ing berry maturation. Symptomatic berries often crack and dry or can be compromised by spoilage micro- organisms. Another complexing factor in dealing with this disease is that s y m p t o m a t i c f r u i t i s g e n e r a l l y found only on shoots with symp- tomatic leaves, but you can find shoots with symptomatic leaves and no symptomatic fruit. And, as previously mentioned, spur posi- tions that show the disease symp- toms in one year may not show them the next. The inconsistency from year to year in the appear- ance of foliar and, especially, fruit symptoms is thought to be due to variability in toxin production by the pathogens, possibly affected by seasonal weather. There also are symptoms in the woody parts of vines affected with esca. Cross-sectional cuts through canes, spurs, cordons and/or trunks from which symp- Small dark spots on berries are esca symptoms. Simplifying testing and quality control in wine analysis laboratories, Thermo Scientifi c ™ Gallery ™ and Gallery Plus automated photometric analyzers are easy to use and deliver signifi cant time and cost savings. Hosting various powerful features, like simultaneous analysis of several parameters from one sample, real-time reagent monitoring and automated dilutions, the Gallery systems eliminate various manual steps. Optimized system reagents cover a wide range of applications and provide high-quality, excellent analytical performance for colorimetric and enzymatic measurements. performance • see more at thermoscientifi c.com/gallery @ 2013 Thermo Fisher Scientifi c Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks are the property of Thermo Fisher Scientifi c and its subsidiaries. Gallery Plus, automated discrete photometric analyzer throughput up to 350 tests/hour Ready-to-use Thermo Scienti c system reagents Over 30 system applications for food and beverage analysis Effi ciency excellent SOIL & CELLAR REMI COHEN