Issue link: http://read.dmtmag.com/i/675334
www.goodfruit.com Good Fruit Grower MAY 15, 2016 21 In the lab, the scientists screened 16 edible coatings and tested the four most promising in a packing plant. Cherry varieties used for the tests were Chelan, Skeena and Sweetheart. The coatings were dissolved in warm water, then cooled to room temperature before application. They were applied to the cherries either by dipping the fruit in the coating solution or by running the cherries under a waterfall applicator. Both methods worked well. The cherries were held in cold storage at WSU for four to six weeks at a temperature of 40 to 41 degrees Fahrenheit and 86 percent relative humidity. Gum acacia (gum Arabic) proved to be the best coating in terms of reducing fruit splitting. An added benefit was that the cherry stems stayed green longer than those of non-coated fruit. Packaging with a desiccant and with holes decreased the amount of moisture inside and reduced cherry cracking during storage. No significant differences were noticed in color, firmness, percentage Brix, or pH level of coated cherries versus untreated cherries, but the coatings appeared to reduce firmness loss in storage. Though air drying a l o n e r e d u c e d cracking, the coating reduced it even further and also reduced the stem browning, G a n j y a l r e p o r t e d . This suggests that the coating seals the stems and reduces moisture loss. In trials last season at three packing houses, air drying and the gum Arabic coating again reduced cracking during six weeks of storage. However, use of desiccant bags did not consistently reduce cracking. Ganjyal is proposing to continue the work for three years in order to develop specific strategies for reducing cherry splitting. He plans to: —Identify how the gum acacia film reduces cracking and explore the science behind it. —Explore ways to enhance the strength and film-forming ability of the coating by using a superior grade of gum acacia and by adding other edible coatings and modifiers, such as agar or sodium alginate. —Study the ability of enhanced coatings to reduce stem browning. Typically, after cherries are packed, they are cooled in super cooling tunnels with forced air that flows across the packed fruit, which is believed to dry out the stems. —Optimize the amount of desiccant incorporated into the packaging and the number of holes punched in the bag to maintain the appropriate level of relative humidity inside the bag during storage. In the final year, Dr. Carolyn Ross Cherry line with waterfall application of a protective coating. will test consumer acceptance of coated cherries at the sensory laboratory in WSU's School of Food Science. Also collaborating in the project are Dr. Shyam Sablani, biological systems engineer at WSU, and Dr. Yan Wang, postharvest physiologist at Oregon State University. The Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission has provided funding. • Girish Ganjyal