Issue link: http://read.dmtmag.com/i/705612
36 AUGUST 2016 Good Fruit Grower www.goodfruit.com the compound sprayed onto the tree but it doesn't kill her on contact. "She will still invade, and still create her gallery, which is both a good and bad outcome for the tree." R o o t S h i e l d ' s a c t i v e ingredient is a mycopara- site (Trichoderma harzia- num). Mycoparasites kill other fungi; in this case, T. harzianum targets the fungus that female borers produce and deposit onto the walls of the galleries. The borers somehow recog- nize that their own fungus (Ambrosiella grosmanniae) has taken hold in the gallery and begin to lay eggs, but T. harzianum will stop the production of A. grosman- niae before it gets started. "If we can interrupt the symbiont (the ambrosia fun- gus), then it can't get established in the gallery walls," Vandenberg said. However, that's not a fi nal solution. When females don't detect their own fungus, they keep drilling, expanding the wound inside the tree as they continue to excavate. "This product will require more testing to determine if it can be a useful tool for apple growers," he said. Fire blight, no … blister bark, maybe The good news: Where researchers once believed there was a connection between black stem borers and fi re blight, now they don't. "We originally thought there was one," Cox said, "but we have no solid link between the two." In 2013, when Cornell Cooperative Extension per- sonnel found black stem borer in western New York orchards, they found trees showing oozing holes in sci- ons and rootstock. Six of the sites featured borers and fi re blight. So they took some borers from the site, put them Packets of commercially available verbenone, left, and ethanol, right, hang from stressed apple trees several hundred feet into a wooded area bordering an apple orchard near Huron, New York. Verbenone is an organic insect repellent used against pine beetles in the western U.S., and the ethanol packets are used as a lure for black stem borers. PLAY Learn more about the black stem borer trials from Art Agnello at goodfruit.com/media OR 185357 • WA SIMPLH915C8 • ID RCE 34089 Worker Housing Solutions Worker Housing Solutions MULTIPLE FLOOR PLANS STICK BUILT | DURABLE | PROVEN Simplicity's Worker Housing structures are constructed using quality materials, are durable, built on-site and last for years. The farm worker housing units comply with H-2A Federal Housing requirements for temporary agricultural labor forces here in the United States. Simplicity Homes o—ers a value driven solution for whatever price point you need. Contact a sales agent at 877-417-4675 or visit Simplicity-Homes.com to view floorplans and see how we stack up to the competition.